Shipping from China to USA Comprehensive Guide

When shipping from China to USA, picking the right method helps you balance cost, speed, and reliability. For large shipments where saving money is a priority over speed, sea freight is ideal. If you need faster delivery, air freight provides efficient and economical options for urgent needs. For the quickest service, like two-day delivery, express shipping is your best choice but costs more. For smaller packages, regular post helps you keep costs down.

Regular Post Shipping from China to the USA

If you’re new to importing from China to the US and want to save on costs, sending packages by regular post is the most economical shipping option and a smart choice for small parcels. However, it’s essential to check out different mailing services and what they offer.

1. Surface Mail: The most economical for non-urgent shipments, using land and sea transport. It takes 60 to 90 days due to customs and routing.
2. Small Parcel Surface: Ideal for lightweight, non-urgent shipments by land or sea. Delivery takes 30 to 90 days, pending route and customs.
3. Ordinary Mail: Basic postal service without tracking, a budget-friendly option, but delivery can take 25 to 60 days, influenced by destination and customs processing.
4. Surface Air Lifted (SAL): This method offers a middle ground between surface mail and air mail. It combines land and sea transport with air, reducing delivery time to around 15 to 45 days.
5. Registered Mail: It provides tracking and safety for your packages, ensuring careful handling and monitoring. Ideal for valuable items or documents, it typically takes 15 to 30 days.
6. Small Parcel Air: Choose this over surface mail for faster delivery, usually between 7 to 20 days, suitable for lightweight packages balancing cost and speed.
7. Air Mail: It is an affordable option for faster delivery, offering a good balance between speed and cost, typically taking 7 to 20 days.
8. ePacket (EUB): It is popular with online sellers like dropshipper in alibaba and shopify, because it’s cheap and delivers fairly quickly, usually taking 10 to 20 days.
9. Express Mail Service (EMS): A faster option than regular post with tracking and priority handling, ideal for important shipments. Delivery is usually within 7 to 15 days

Here is a comparison of delivery times and tracking options to help you choose the best service for your shipment needs.

Service	Delivery Time	Tracking	Reliability	Suitable for
Surface Mail	2 to 3 months	Not available	Low to Moderate	Large, non-urgent items
Small Parcel Surface	1 to 3 months	Sometimes	Moderate	Small, non-urgent parcels
Ordinary Mail	2 weeks to 2 months	Not available	Moderate	General correspondence, low-value items
Surface Air Lifted (SAL)	2 to 6 weeks	Sometimes	Moderate	Cost-sensitive, moderately urgent items
Registered Mail	2 to 4 weeks	Available	High	Important documents, valuable items
Small Parcel Air	1 to 2 weeks	Often	High	Small, time-sensitive parcels
Air Mail	1 to 2 weeks	Sometimes	High	Personal letters, small packages
ePacket (EUB)	1 to 3 weeks	Available	High	E-commerce parcels with tracking
Express Mail Service (EMS)	3 to 10 days	Available	Very High	Urgent documents, packages

Express Shipping from China to the USA

When you need speed, express freight is the best choice for shipping high-value goods, samples, prototypes, or small lightweight shipments, especially if you’re willing to pay for fast delivery. This service provides swift shipping and door-to-door delivery, ideal for urgent packages under 200 kilograms. Depending on the service level, it can deliver in 2 to 5 business days or even overnight for premium services. Tracking is available so you can monitor your shipment’s progress in real-time. Additionally, services like customs clearance and insurance are often part of the package.

Cost of Express Freight

Express freight typically costs around $30 to $40 for a single kilogram, while packages weighing between 1 and 20 kilograms range from $10 to $11 per kilogram. For Amazon FBA shipments, it’s best to pack goods into cartons weighing approximately 20 kilograms each, without exceeding 21 kilograms. This approach helps you avoid Amazon penalties and ensures efficient processing at their warehouses. Sticking to this weight limit also reduces handling fees and lowers the risk of damage during transit.

As the weight of your shipment increases, the cost per kilogram usually decreases, making it more economical for larger loads. For example, shipments over 100 kilograms might cost around $8 to $9 per kilogram. This pricing structure benefits businesses that frequently ship in bulk, helping you save significantly on transportation costs. However, ensure each carton doesn’t exceed 70 kilograms because some carriers have size restrictions. Complying with these regulations minimizes the risk of additional fees or delays.

Freight Type	Weight Range	Cost per Kilogram	Other Considerations
Single Kilogram	Any	$30 – $40	High cost; suitable for urgent smaller shipments
Small Express Freight	1 – 20 kg	$10 – $11	Best for small packages; potential for Amazon FBA
Bulk Express Freight	Over 100 kg	$8 – $9	Better rates on larger loads; beneficial for bulk

Remember to figure out your estimated profit by considering all related costs. This includes not only shipping fees but also customs duties, taxes, and any additional charges that may arise during transit.

World-Class Express Freight Options

You can choose from well-known carriers like DHL, UPS, FedEx, and SF Express. Each carrier offers unique benefits, so it’s important to select the one that aligns with your needs. Consider factors such as delivery speed, cost, and customer service when making your choice.

FedEx: Founded in the United States in 1971, FedEx is a top choice for China-US express freight, offering International Priority (IP) and International Economy (IE) to balance speed and cost.

UPS: Originating in the United States in 1907, UPS provides express freight with Worldwide Express for delivery in 1-3 business days and Worldwide Saver for a more economical option, delivering within 3-5 days.

DHL: DHL: Established in Germany in 1969, DHL provides reliable express shipping with Express Worldwide, delivering in 1-3 business days, ideal for fast and dependable service.

SF Express: Founded in China in 1993, SF Express is a cost-effective choice for shipping from China to Amazon FBA in the US. It partners with USPS, FedEx, and UPS for final delivery.

Feature	FedEx	UPS	DHL	SF Express
Delivery Speed	2-5 days;IP (2-3 days) & IE (4-5 days)	2-3 days (can be more expensive than FedEx)	1-5 days (generally the fastest); considered faster than UPS and FedEx	5-7 days; possible risk of delays
Cost	Moderate; generally more economical for weights above 21 kg than DHL	Higher than FedEx and DHL	Higher than FedEx and UPS; more expensive for shipping samples	Budget-friendly; most economical option
Reliability	High; considered reliable, especially for urgent deliveries	High; known for reliable service	High; reliable service	Moderate; newer service with a potential for delays
Customs Clearance	Standard; experienced with customs regulations	Standard; experienced with customs regulations	High; noted for faster and more efficient customs clearance than UPS and FedEx	Standard; experienced with customs regulations for FBA shipments

Factors Affecting Express Shipping Delays

Factors that affect express shipping time from China to the USA include the distance and routes between origin and destination, customs processes, carriers, traffic, and weather conditions. Peak seasons like holidays or Chinese New Year can also cause delays due to high demand and limited capacity. Planning ahead is essential to account for potential delays. Partnering with your freight forwarder can help you manage these challenges effectively. They offer insights into optimal shipping times and can suggest alternative routes or carriers for faster delivery.

• Distance and Routes: The distance and available routes between China and the USA directly affect shipping duration. Efficient routing leads to quicker deliveries.
• Customs Clearance: Quick processing at customs in both countries ensures smoother shipments, especially compared to air and ocean freight.
• Shipping Carriers: Carrier efficiency varies. Opt for faster services for quicker delivery times.
• Traffic and Weather: Watch for delays from road conditions or adverse weather that could impact schedules.
• Seasonal Factors: High-demand periods like holidays or Chinese New Year can extend shipping times due to increased volumes.
• Demand and Capacity: High demand can reduce shipping choices and affect delivery times.
• Freight Forwarder Expertise: Partner with experts to plan effectively and choose the best shipping options.
• Global Events: Unexpected events like pandemics or trade disputes might disrupt schedules; staying informed helps in planning contingencies.

Cost-Saving Express Freight Tips

To secure lower shipping costs, avoid contacting the carriers directly if you are not a registered customer or are unfamiliar with negotiating freight rates. Instead, consider working with a seasoned freight forwarder who has established relationships with these carriers, such as Firida.

At Firida, our strong connections with express delivery companies and carriers allow us to offer you superior rates. Additionally, we provide valuable guidance on efficient shipping routes and methods, helping you save both time and money when shipping from China to the USA.

Save costs on express shipping from China to the USA with these handy tips:

• Consolidate Shipments: Combine smaller shipments into one larger batch. This reduces per-unit shipping costs, minimizes handling fees, and lowers customs delay risks.
• Optimize Packaging: Select the right box size and reduce unnecessary packing materials. Use light fillers to protect items while keeping the package’s weight down.
• Choose Off-Peak Shipping Times: Ship during off-peak seasons for cheaper, faster deliveries due to lower freight volumes and reduced congestion.
• Consider Alternative Routes: Opt for different ports or airports to cut costs and speed up delivery if your usual routes face delays.
• Select Economy or Standard Options: If timing isn’t urgent, go for economy or standard shipping to save a lot on costs while still keeping your delivery safe and quick.
• Track Exchange Rates: Monitor currency changes to make payments when rates are favorable, saving on international costs.
• Negotiate Rates: Work with your freight forwarder to secure discounts based on volume or long-term partnerships for lasting savings.
• Use Discounts & Deals: Take advantage of carrier promotions or discounts available for frequent shippers. They can greatly reduce costs over time.

The silver lining is that shipments valued under $800 are usually exempt from import taxes in the US. This is a big plus for small businesses looking to lower expenses—just remember items like alcohol and tobacco aren’t exempt from these taxes.

Custom Clearance for Express Freight

Express custom clearance is generally smoother than air or ocean freight, but to ensure a seamless process, all documentation must be ready. Here’s what you need:

• Proper Labeling and Packaging: Make sure each package shows the recipient’s name, address, and contact info clearly so it can arrive quickly and follow all rules.
• Commercial Invoice: This document shows the shipment’s value and describes the goods, helping customs decide on duties and taxes.
• Packing List: It itemizes all goods with their weight, dimensions, and quantity to verify the contents against the commercial invoice during customs clearance.
• Bill of Lading: A legal document detailing the type, quantity, and destination of goods. It acts as a receipt upon delivery.
• Shipper’s Export Declaration: Required for shipments over $2,500 in value to ensure export regulation compliance.
• Insurance Certificate: If insured, this provides proof of coverage and terms under which your goods are protected.
• Import Duties and Taxes: You are responsible for these if your shipment exceeds $800. Check the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) for specific rates.
• Prohibited and Restricted Items: Be aware of items that can’t be shipped from China to the USA like hazardous materials or certain electronics.

Managing this process can be complex. An experienced freight forwarder or customs broker can help you comply with federal import regulations.

Air Shipping from China to the USA

Air freight is a cost-effective solution for shipments between 100 kg and 500 kg, particularly if speed and reliability are priorities. It’s ideal for managing tight deadlines, busy periods, or high valuable items. This method ensures your products reach their destination quickly, often within a few days, usually less than two weeks. This speed is essential for maintaining your inventory and meeting your customers’ expectations.

Cost of Air Shipping from China to USA

The cost of air shipping from China to the USA ranges from $8 per kilogram to the western regions and $9 per kilogram to the eastern regions for shipments under 70 kg. However, for bulk shipments over 100 kg, rates can drop significantly to between $7 and $8 per kilogram. These rates depend on factors like the airline, season, and specific route.

Also, there are extra fees for some services related to ticketing and product handling.

• Interception Fee: $150 per ticket
• Unpacking and Sealing Fee: $5 per box
• FBA Relabeling Fee: $0.50 per sheet
• SKU Relabeling Fee: $0.50 per product
• Air Shipping Relabeling Fee: $0.50 per sheet

Keep these potential costs in mind when budgeting for your shipment.

In summary, air shipping offers a balance of speed and cost. It is often the most economical option for shipments between 150 kilos and 500 kg or very light shipments based on their size, making it attractive for many businesses. However, it’s crucial to weigh these benefits against the potential additional fees and ensure that your shipment aligns with your budget and timeline.

Cost-Saving Tips for Air Shipping

Air shipping can be expensive, with prices frequently fluctuating. However, by considering key factors below, you can save money and refine your shipping strategy.

• Plan Ahead: During peak seasons and holidays in China and the U.S., demand goes up, leading to higher prices and less availability. Booking your shipments early can secure better rates and smooth out the process, reducing last-minute stress.
• Choose Economy or Standard Shipping: Standard air freight takes 8-15 days while express takes 6-11 days. Standard costs about $9 per kilo; express costs over $12 per kilo, varying by carrier.
• Make Packaging Efficient: Use the right packaging to lower dimensional weight charges. Lightweight fillers and sturdy boxes keep products safe while minimizing costs.
• Shipment Size and Weight: Best for shipments between 100 to 500 kilograms. Weighing the cost versus benefit of speed is vital.
• Consider Alternative Routes: Direct flights offer speed but at a higher price due to fewer stops. Choose indirect routes if cost-saving is more important than speed.
• Distance on Shipping: Longer distances increase costs, so choose shorter routes when possible for urgent shipments.
• Freight Schedules: Compare different carriers’ schedules to find the best match, potentially lowering costs due to competition.
• Time-Sensitive Decisions: If speed is important, air freight is great for urgent or valuable items. Think about how quickly you need your shipment and weigh it against the cost.
• Shipping Regulations: Ensure compliance with regulations to avoid fines or delays. Check if your goods need special permits or documentation before shipping.
• Customs Rules and Paperwork: Make sure you have the right documents like a Commercial Invoice, Packing List, Bill of Lading, and Export Declaration ready. This will help you clear customs smoothly and avoid delays or fines.Hong Kong Fulfillment Centers: Using fulfillment centers in Hong Kong allows you to enjoy faster deliveries and more cost-effective shipping, thanks to Hong Kong’s lower import duties and taxes for specific goods, as permitted by trade laws compared to mainland China.

Working with a trustworthy and experienced freight forwarder like Firida makes international shipping simpler for you. We manage everything from warehouse to warehouse, including paperwork and customs clearance, making sure shipping goes smoothly. With their expertise, you can find the best cost-saving air shipping options tailored to your unique needs.

Time-Saving Tips for Air Shipping

Air shipping typically delivers within about two weeks. The process includes 1-2 days for pick-up and export handling, another day for transit, and 1-4 additional days depending on your destination specifics. To enhance your operations:

• Plan Ahead: Align your production timelines and inventory with desired delivery times by booking air freight 10-15 days in advance. This ensures you secure the best rates and availability, especially during high-demand peak seasons.
• Consolidate Shipments: Combine smaller shipments into larger ones to maximize space efficiency and reduce handling delays in the complex shipping process.
• Choose Direct Flights: Direct flights are faster than indirect flights, reducing transit times and minimizing mishandling or delay risks.
• Use Standard Packing and Correct Labeling: Comply with international packing regulations to prevent hold-ups. Clear labels with the recipient’s information and package details help speed up customs processing.
• Stay mindful of peak seasons and holidays. Shipping around Christmas or during Chinese festivals can cause delays and raise costs. It’s wise to schedule shipments in advance and, if possible, plan for off-season shipping to save time and money.
• Make sure all documentation is complete and accurate: Carefully review all forms and paperwork to ensure they are correctly filled out. This step is vital to prevent any customs issues that might delay your shipment. Missing or incorrect information can cause major delays, fines, or even the return of your shipment.
• Track your shipment: Keep watch on your shipment with tracking tools provided by your freight forwarder or carrier. This allows you to monitor progress and address any potential delays promptly.

Partnering with an experienced air freight forwarder like Firida, known for strong airline networks such as Emirates Airline, Singapore Airlines, and Air China, can provide competitive rates and expertise. This collaboration can shave off 2-3 days from transit times, ensuring safe and timely delivery from China to the USA.

Custom Clearance for Air Shipping

Custom clearance is a crucial step. It can lead to penalties, fines, delays, increased costs, or even the seizure of goods if you don’t prepare the right documents or fill out forms properly. Understanding the regulations and requirements for importing goods from China to the USA is essential. By following these steps, you can ensure a smoother customs clearance process:

• Understand Import Regulations: Comply with all relevant import regulations from China to the USA. Avoid prohibited items and stay updated on regulatory changes to prevent unexpected issues.
• Prepare Documentation: Make sure all important papers are ready and correct, like the commercial invoice, packing list, Air Waybill (AWB), cargo receipt, customs form, and certificate of origin.
• Proper Classification of Goods: The Harmonized System (HS) codes determine duties and taxes for your shipment. Using the correct HS code affects how much you pay.
• Accurate Value Declaration: Make sure you state the right value of your goods, including insurance and shipping (CIF), to avoid fines or delays.
• Import Duties and Taxes: Learn about your products using the Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) code. Calculate your goods’ value since it determines applicable duties and taxes. Remember that a threshold of $800 applies for personal use imports.

Most importantly, find an expert customs broker or freight forwarder like Firida who can guide you through complex customs processes. They make sure all paperwork is correct and your goods are identified properly, solving any issues quickly to avoid unnecessary delays.

We also offer flexible choices: like door-to-door, airport-to-airport, door-to-airport, and airport-to-door services. This adaptability ensures you can select the best air shipping solution from China to the USA that aligns with your business needs and budget.

Sea Shipping

When you’re considering shipping heavy weight and large volumes of goods from China to the USA, sea freight is often your best bet. It’s also the cheapest shipping method from china to usa, especially for your regular weighs more than around 500 kgs and long-term orders. You can ship large quantities at a lower cost compared to air freight for per pieces. However, keep in mind that sea transportation is slower, typically taking about 30-40 days for delivery.

Is Sea Shipping Right for You?

Sea shipping is known for its excellent economies of scale, perfect for moving heavy, bulky items and large volumes at a lower cost per unit. To decide if it’s suitable for you, consider the following points:

• Weight and Volume (CBM): If your shipment exceeds 500kgs or 1 cubic meter, sea freight is generally more economical than air freight due to its ability to transport large volumes simultaneously, spreading costs across more items.
• Special Containers: You can pick from different containers like regular dry ones, refrigerated for food that spoils, open-top for big things, and flat-rack for heavy machines.
• Oversized Items: Unlike air freight’s strict size and weight limits, sea vessels allow more flexibility for transporting large or oddly shaped items.
• Dangerous Goods: Compared to air freight, sea shipping often allows the transport of hazardous materials like flammable liquids with fewer restrictions.
• Cost-Effective for Non-Urgent Deliveries: While sea shipping has the longest transit time (30 to 50 days from China to the USA), it offers significant savings if your business can accommodate this schedule.

Ultimately, your decision should be based on your goods’ type, value, nature, and delivery timeline. If time isn’t a pressing factor and you can plan ahead, sea freight is a budget-friendly choice.

Full Container Load (FCL) v.s. Less than Container Load (LCL)

Full Container Load (FCL) and Less than Container Load (LCL) are two primary options for sea freight shipping from China to the USA. And have 3 types of 20-foot container, 40-foot container and 40-foot high cube container.

FCL is ideal if you have enough goods—typically more than 15 cubic meters—to fill an entire container. It offers security and faster transit times since your shipment won’t be delayed by other cargo.

LCL, on the other hand, is perfect for smaller shipments where you share container space with other shippers. This option can be more economical but may involve longer transit times, possibly adding up to 10 extra days due to the need to consolidate and deconsolidate cargo.

Shipping Method	Speed	Cost	Best For
FCL (Full Container Load)	Moderate to Fast	Middle	Large shipments needing security and specific schedule
LCL (Less Than Container Load)	Slow to Moderate	Lower	Smaller shipments, economical delivery of small batches

Advantage of Full Container Load (FCL)

One major advantage of FCL shipping is its faster delivery time, typically taking about two weeks from an eastern port in China to a western port in the USA. This speed comes from having the entire container dedicated to your goods, removing delays from waiting for other shipments. Here are some more benefits:

• Security: Since your goods aren’t mixed with others, there’s less risk of damage or loss.
• Cost Efficiency: Although FCL may seem expensive initially, the cost per cubic meter lowers as you utilize more space.
• Flexibility: Choose from 20 to 40-foot containers and set your ideal shipping schedule and routes based on your needs.
• Simplicity: With fewer handling stages and less paperwork involved, tracking becomes straightforward.

With perks like lower costs, improved safety, quicker delivery, and ease, FCL is a clever pick for businesses needing efficient and reliable supply chains when shipping large volumes from China to the USA.

Advantage and Disadvantage of Less than Container Load (LCL)

Less than Container Load (LCL) shipping is a popular sea transportation method where your goods share container space with shipments from multiple shippers. This approach is ideal when your cargo doesn’t fill an entire container. Goods are consolidated into one container for transport, making it a cost-effective choice for smaller loads. This method also comes with both benefits and drawbacks as follows:

Advantages:

• Flexibility: Perfect for startups or small businesses with smaller shipments, allowing you to explore new markets without needing large volumes. This method helps you grow slowly while keeping your cash flow steady.
• Frequency: LCL usually has more frequent sailings than FCL, with departures available 2 days a week. This lets you ship smaller amounts regularly, ideal for SMEs aiming for a stable supply chain without excess inventory, keeping stock levels just right.
• Cost Savings: By sharing container space, you only pay for the space used, making it a budget-friendly choice for smaller loads.

Disadvantages:

• Increased Handling: LCL shipment goes through several handling steps when being packed with other shipments at the loading port (POL: Port of Loading) and unpacked at the delivery port (POD: Port of Discharge).
• Risk of Delay: Due to extensive handling processes, there can be potential delays if issues arise with other shipments in the same container.
• Risk of Damages: Sharing space increases the risk of damage or misplacement as goods are packed closely together during transit.
• Complexity in Tracking: With mixed goods in one container, tracking can become more complex.

While LCL shipping offers cost-effectiveness for smaller loads, it is generally more expensive per piece than FCL and involves more complexity with handing and customs inspections. Despite this, it’s a viable option for businesses looking to expand or test markets due to current fragmented order trends. Many businesses use this method to balance costs and meet market demands effectively.

Consulting an expert freight forwarder such as Firida who can provide you with a quote tailored to your needs. They offer insights into market trends and assist in choosing between FCL or LCL for your shipment, ensuring value and efficiency for your shipping needs.

Cost of Sea Freight Shipping

Shipping a 20-foot container from China to the USA typically costs between $3,500 and $5,000. For a 40-foot container, the cost ranges from $5,700 to $8,000. LCL shipping is priced between $65 and $75 per cubic meter (m³). Prices may fluctuate depending on factors like fuel costs, port charges, shipping routes, and the time of year. But it’s better for you to understand the cost structure thoroughly.

Factors Influencing Shipping Costs

Knowing the factors influencing shipping costs helps you choose the best method, route, and booking inadvance. Consider these key factors:

• Weight and Volume: Bigger and heavier shipments cost more since they occupy more space and weight on the vessel.
• Nature of Goods: Some items, like dangerous materials or perishable goods, need special care. The physical form, volume, weight, and value of the goods can also affect shipping costs. For example, items like fresh produce or frozen goods need temperature control and quick delivery, which raises shipping costs.
• Container Type and Usage: Costs vary with container types like standard, refrigerated, specialty, or open-top. Each serves a distinct purpose, affecting overall shipping expenses.
• Shipping Distance: Shipping from China to eastern US ports is more expensive than to western US ports due to the longer distance. Vessels must traverse the Panama Canal and travel further along the Atlantic Ocean to reach destinations like New York or Miami.
• Trade Routes: Some moder ports more efficient and cost-effective than others. For instance, ports like Shanghai and Shenzhen are known for their advanced facilities and streamlined operations, making them popular choices for exporters.
• Time and Season: Shipping costs often fluctuate based on the time of year. During peak seasons, such as the lead-up to major holidays, increased demand usually leads to higher prices.

Finding a reliable freight forwarder, like Firida, can help you secure better rates and services while providing streamlined logistics support. They can assist you with early planning and booking to avoid high rates and potential delays.

Charges invoved in Sea Freight Shipping

We know the cost and the factors influenced in sea shipping, but some times, we also confused by the charges name, so let’s get clear what they are:

Pre-departure Costs:

• Booking Fee: This is what the shipping carrier charges to reserve space on a vessel. It also helps cover the administrative costs associated with this process.
• Pickup Fee: Under ex-works terms, the forwarder usually charges a pickup fee. This covers sending a truck to collect the cargo from the supplier’s location and transport it to a nearby port or consolidation center.
• Consolidation Fee: It happens that you have multiple shipments are combined to ship as one shipment. This fee covers the administrative and logistical efforts required to merge these shipments.
• Seal Fee: The seal not only provides an extra layer of security for goods in transit but also acts as a deterrent against tampering and unauthorized access to the container.
• ISPS Fee: This is a set charge designed to prevent security threats like terrorism at ports. It is part of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code, created to improve maritime security.

In-transit Costs:

• Base Freight Rate: This is the primary charge for transporting goods from the port of origin China to the destination port of USA.
• Terminal Handling Charges (THC): The fees charged by ports for the loading and unloading of containers from ships, including the use of port facilities and labor.
• ISF Filing: ISF (Importer Security Filing) is a mandatory requirement for all ocean freight shipments entering the United States.

Post-arrival Costs:

• Customs Bond: It’s also called a Customs Surety Bond, is needed by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP), mandatory for all imports over $2,500 or when importing regulated items such as food or firearms. It ensures that importers fulfill their obligations, like paying duties, taxes, and fees, while complying with federal regulations.
• Documentation Fees: These fees cover preparing and processing essential shipping documents, like bills of lading and certificates of origin, typically ranging from $50 to $200 per shipment.
• Customs Brokerage Fees: These are the charges for hiring a customs broker to handle the clearance of your goods through customs.
• EMF Fee: The Equipment Maintenance Fee (EMF) is a charge levied for the upkeep and maintenance of shipping containers and related equipment, ensuring they remain reliable, safe, and efficient.
• Telex Release Fee (TRF): The shipping carrier sends a telex message to the consignee, authorizing the release of the cargo at the port of discharge. This way, the consignee can pick up the goods without needing the physical original bill of lading, saving time and reducing paperwork.
• Demurrage and Detention Fees: These are charges that occur when containers are not picked up or returned within the agreed time frame. They can quickly add up, impacting your overall shipping costs. To avoid these fees, it’s crucial to plan and coordinate with your logistics partners effectively.
• Custom Clearance Fee: This fee is charged for the services provided by customs agents to ensure your goods meet all import regulations and are cleared for entry into the country.

Even with the fees listed above, there are other potential charges not mentioned due to length limitations. It’s important to be aware of these additional costs that might arise during the shipping process.

Transit Time for Sea Freight shipping

When shipping sea freight from China to USA, expect a transit time of about 30 to 60 days for door-to-door delivery and around 30 to 45 days for door-to-seaport. This includes 3 to 10 days for port handling and loading, 15 to 30 days for ocean transport, and 2 to 7 days for unloading and import handling.

Some carriers offer premium services that streamline processes and use faster routes, which can significantly cut down transit times. However, regular sea transportation time can vary based on multiple factors. If you’re curious about what impacts sea shipping time from China to the USA, think about these key factors:

• Geographical Distance: Shipping from eastern China to the West Coast of the USA is generally quicker than shipping to the East Coast. This is because the West Coast is geographically closer, reducing the time spent on ocean transit.
• Shipping Routes: Try to find the direct routes that minimize transit time. Direct routes often mean fewer stops and less handling, which can reduce the risk of delays. Additionally, direct routes can help maintain the integrity of your goods by minimizing the chances of damage during transit.
• Shipping Method Type: Full Container Load (FCL) is generally faster and more straightforward than Less than Container Load (LCL). LCL shipping requires cargo consolidation and deconsolidation, which adds extra handling time.
• Carrier Schedules and Capacity: The availability of ships, sailing frequencies, and space greatly affects transit times. To secure space and prevent delays, book early, especially during peak seasons when demand is high. Planning ahead lets you pick shipping options that match your timeline and budget.
• Port Congestion and Efficiency: Peak seasons, old equipment, limited berths, and labor shortages can lead to significant delays in shipping. To avoid these problems, think about shipping during off-peak times or choosing ports like Shenzhen. Shenzhen is known for modern tools and skilled workers that make loading and unloading faster.
• Documentation and Customs: To prevent delays at customs, ensure all paperwork is accurate and complete before shipping. The time needed for the customs process can vary, including completing clearance procedures, paying duties, and undergoing inspections at both departure and arrival ports.

Even with these factors, other things like nature and type of cargo, bad weather conditions, geopolitical events, and too many middlemen can affect shipping times. Planning ahead is always highly recommended to help you mitigate these risks.

Book Sea Freight 3-4 Weeks Early

The carrier or sea shipping company will typically release the container 7-10 days before the CY closing date, which is different from the departure date. Generally, the departure date is 3-5 days after the CY closing date. Therefore, you must plan accordingly to ensure your cargo is ready for loading well before the CY closing date.

So now, you must be curious about how to book sea freight shipping and what steps to take to ship from China to the USA. Here’s a straightforward guide for you:

Preparataion and Decision Making

• Identify Goods: Thoroughly understand the type, size, and weight of your goods. Ensure they meet import regulations to prevent surprises during shipping.
• Shipping Method: Decide between LCL (Less than Container Load) and FCL (Full Container Load). If your shipment doesn’t fill an entire container, LCL is cost-effective since you share space with others.

Choose a Reliable Freight Forwarder:

• Research and Shortlist: Look for experienced freight forwarders specializing in sea shipping with direct contracts with major carriers. This ensures they can offer competitive rates and reliable schedules.
• Request Quotes: Request quotes from multiple freight forwarders. Compare these quotes not only based on price but also on the services offered and their reliability.
• Choose Service Options: Think about extras like picking up from suppliers, storage, handling customs, delivery from door to door, delivery from port to door, and insurance. These services can streamline the shipping process and provide peace of mind.

Documentation Preparation

• Commercial Invoice: It serves as proof of the sale between you and your supplier.
• Packing List: It provides detailed information about the contents of your shipment.
• Bill of Lading: Acts as a receipt for cargo and a contract between you and the carrier.
• Other Certifications: It’s best to get ready early for the certificates of origin, export declaration, or compliance documents, based on your product nature and types.

Booking and Scheduling

• Finalize Booking: Confirm your booking with the chosen freight forwarder. Clearly outline all details, including departure and arrival dates (ETD and ETA), carrier information, shipping routes, and payment terms.
• Ensure Shipper Completes the Booking: Have your supplier fill out the booking form and send it to both the forwarder and you via email. This ensures everyone stays informed and helps prevent any miscommunication.

Pickup and Loading:

• Arrange Pickup: Coordinate with your freight forwarder to set up a pickup time from your supplier’s location as soon as possible.
• Loading Containers: Make sure your goods are packed with the right method and loaded carefully to avoid damage during transit.

Export Customs Clearance:

• Handling Export Custom Procedures: Work with your supplier and freight forwarder to make sure all export customs documents are prepared and filled out completely and correctly.
• Fees and Inspections: Ensure your forwarder keeps a detailed record of all fees during the export process, such as inspection charges, customs duties, and any unexpected costs.

Shipment and Monitoring

• Tracking: Request your forwarder to provide the tracking information when the shipment is dispatched. You can also check the Container Number (CNTR#) on the carrier’s official website. This helps you monitor its journey and prepare for any potential delays.
• Stay Updated: Communicate regularly with your freight forwarder to receive timely updates on your shipment’s status. This ensures you are aware of any changes or issues that might arise during transit.

Notes: This procedure may sound simple, but it’s common for the forwarder to forget to notify you when the goods arrive, leading to issues like cargo retention at the port or port demurrage.

Arrival and Customs Clearance in the USA:

• Customs Handling: Work closely with your customs broker or freight fowarder to ensure all necessary import documents areprepared before your shipment arrives.
• Inspection and Clearance: Be prepared, as customs officials may inspect your goods to ensure they comply with U.S. regulations.

Final Delivery

• Local Transport: Arrange for local transportation to move your goods from the port to their final destination, such as a private company address or an Amazon FBA warehouse. Make sure to choose a reliable local carrier that understands the specific requirements of your shipment.
• Verify Receipt: Upon receiving your goods, immediately check the recipient and the condition of the goods. If there are any issues, such as damage or missing items, take photos, note the discrepancies in detail, and promptly report them to your supplier, freight forwarder, or insurance provider if needed.

Importing from China to the USA can be straightforward if you understand the factors involved, manage your schedule, and book in advance. Doing so will help you avoid unnecessary delays and ensure a smooth shipping experience.

Incoterms

Understanding incoterms is very important when shipping from China to the USA. These terms define the responsibilities of the buyer, seller, and even freight forwarder. Fortunately, you only need to get familiar with a few common incoterms to handle the process effectively, as follows:

EXW (Ex Works): Buyer Responsibility: Close to 90%

• You handle the most responsibility since your supplier only needs to have the goods ready at their place or another specified spot, usually at the supplier’s factory. From there, you handle everything, including all costs and risks associated with transporting the goods to your final destination.

FOB (Free On Board): Buyer Responsibility: Close to 60%

• Your supplier must deliver the goods onto the ship and take responsibility for all risks and costs until the goods are loaded onto the vessel at the port of origin. After that, you assume responsibility for all costs and risks, including shipping to the destination port in the USA and any subsequent logistics arrangements, such as ocean freight and insurance.

DES (Delivered Ex Ship): Buyer Responsibility: Close to 50%

• DES is more like FOB; your supplier does not only upload the goods onto the vessel but also delivers them to your destination port. Additionally, the supplier assumes the cost and risk during this transit time. However, once the goods arrive at the destination port, you are responsible for unloading and handling all subsequent logistics.

DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay): Buyer Responsibility: Close to 40-50%

• DEQ is similar to DES. Your supplier manages the cost and risk of delivering goods to your designated quay at the destination port. After that, you are responsible for unloading, customs clearance, and final delivery.

CIF (Cost Insurance Freight): Buyer Responsibility: 20-30%

• Under CIF, the seller is responsible for covering the cost, freight, and insurance of shipping until the goods reach the destination port in the USA. Once the goods arrive at the port, you take over responsibility for unloading, customs clearance, and any further transportation to your final destination.

CFR (Cost and Freight): Buyer Responsibility: 20%

• In a CFR (Cost and Freight) agreement, your supplier is responsible for arranging and paying for the transportation of goods to the destination port. They also handle export customs clearance and bear the costs and risks until the goods reach your destination port. Once the cargo arrives, it’s up to you to unload them, pay import duties, and arrange any necessary further transportation.

DDU (Delivered at Place Unloaded): Buyer Responsibility: 10-20%

• With DDU, like DDP, your supplier delivers and unloads the goods at your specified location in the USA. The supplier covers all fees during this process, but you are responsible for paying import duties and any additional customs clearance costs.

DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): Buyer Responsibility: None

• In a DDP agreement, the seller handles nearly all responsibilities and costs. This covers handling fees, freight charges, insurance, and customs duties, ensuring the goods reach your warehouse or specified location in the USA without any additional burden on you.

FAS (Free Alongside Ship): Buyer Responsibility: 70%

• FAS is similar to Ex Works, with a slight difference. You don’t have to pay for trailer fees at the origin port, as your supplier handles the delivery of goods alongside the vessel, ready for loading. Once this is done, you take over all responsibilities, costs and risks.

FCA (Free Carrier): Buyer Responsibility: 80%

• Under FCA, your supplier delivers the goods to a carrier or another party nominated by you at an agreed location. From that point, you are responsible for all costs and risks associated with transporting the goods to your final destination in the USA.

CPT (Carriage Paid To): Buyer Responsibility: 30-40%

• CPT is similar to FOB in that both involve the transfer of risk from seller to buyer, but with CPT, the seller delivers the goods to the first carrier rather than directly onto a vessel. The seller covers transportation costs and export customs clearance up to the agreed destination. Risk transfers to the buyer once the goods are handed over to the first carrier. After this point, the buyer is responsible for import customs clearance and any duties or taxes upon arrival in the USA, although the seller still covers the freight costs to the destination.

CIP (Carriage and Insurance Paid To): Buyer Responsibility: 40-50%

• CIP is similar to DDP, as both terms require delivery to the destination and include handling fees, sea freight fees, and insurance costs. However, unlike DDP, where the seller manages all customs duties and taxes, CIP requires the buyer to handle these upon arrival in the USA. The supplier must purchase insurance amounting to 110% for the value of the goods. Additionally, the supplier does not assume responsibility for risk after the goods are delivered to the first carrier’s location, similar to CPT terms.

DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded): Buyer Responsibility: 40-50%

• Before 2020, DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded) was referred to as DAT (Delivered at Terminal). With DPU, the seller is responsible for delivering and unloading the goods at a specified location, such as a terminal, container yard, transport hub, or warehouse in the USA. After that point, you assume the risk and costs incurred. You are also responsible for any import duties and taxes and must arrange for the transportation of the goods from the terminal to your final destination.

Please remember that you can seal the deal Ex-Works with your supplier and find an experienced freight forwarder like Firida, who can offer the DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) service to handle everything from the supplier’s door to your doorstep. This means you won’t have to worry about customs clearance, import duties, or any other hidden charges. You will simply receive your goods without any hassle, allowing you to focus on your core business operations. And the same to other terms like FOB, CPT, and CIP. By partnering with a reliable freight forwarder, you can streamline your shipping process and ensure that all logistics are managed efficiently.

Main Ports in China and USA

When shipping from China to the USA, you may want to know the names of the nearest ports to both your supplier’s location and your own. Some areas have several ports to choose from, so it’s advisable to find a large and efficient port to ensure quick, smooth, and cost-effective shipping.

Major Ports in China

China is famous for its infrastructure and ranks number one in port efficiency worldwide. Major ports like Shenzhen, Shanghai, and Ningbo are often preferred due to their state-of-the-art facilities and strategic locations along key shipping routes. Here’s an introduction to China’s ports that you should know:

Port Name	TEUs	Advantages	Location
Port of Shanghai	50 million	Busiest port in the world, critical hub for international shipping	Shanghai
Port of Ningbo-Zhoushan	43 million	Advanced facilities and efficient operations	Zhejiang Province
Port of Shenzhen	30 million	Vital for trade between China and Hong Kong	Guangdong Province
Port of Guangzhou	25 million	Historical port with significant international trading activity	Guangzhou
Port of Qingdao	30 million	Rapid growth and technological advancements	Shandong Province
Port of Tianjin	23 million	Largest port in northern China, supports environmental reforms	Tianjin
Port of Xiamen	13 million	Strategic location along the Taiwan Strait	Fujian Province
Port of Dalian	5 million	Northernmost major port, ice-free year-round, handles mineral oil, coal, and grain	Liaoning Province
Port of Lianyungang	7 million	Growing port supporting various cargo types	Jiangsu Province
Port of Rizhao	7 million	Known for coal handling facilities and growing container operations	Shandong Province

Major Ports in USA

There are two main routes for shipping from China to the USA: the Pacific route and the Atlantic route. The Pacific route is the most direct path for goods traveling from the east coast of China to the West Coast of the United States. It connects major Chinese ports like Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Ningbo to key U.S. ports such as Los Angeles, Long Beach, and Seattle. This route is favored for its efficiency and shorter transit times, typically taking about two to four weeks depending on the shipping service chosen.

The second route, the Atlantic route, connects Chinese ports to the East Coast of the United States. This route is longer and involves passing through the Panama Canal before reaching major U.S. ports like New York, Miami, and Savannah. The transit time for this route can extend up to two months due to the longer distance and the canal passage. Weather conditions and customs procedures can also impact transit time, adding potential delays.

Port Name	TEUs (Million)	Advantages	Location
Port of Los Angeles	9 million	Busiest container port in North America, extensive infrastructure, close proximity	California, West Coast
Port of Long Beach	8 million	Adjacent to Los Angeles, significant entry point for Asian imports	California, West Coast
Port of New York and New Jersey	8 million	Critical entry point on the East Coast with extensive rail and road networks	New York/New Jersey
Port of Seattle	3.5 million	Major gateway for imports from Asia, including China	Washington State
Port of Virginia	3.5 million	Significant entry point for imports from China	Virginia
Port of South Carolina	1.5 million	Handles a substantial volume of imports from China	South Carolina
Port of Houston	3.5 million	Major port receiving imports from various regions, including China	Texas

Container Total Throughput v.s. Total Cargo Throughput

TEUs stands for Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units, which refers to a 20-foot-long container. This standard measurement is used in the shipping industry to quantify cargo capacity, counting the number of containers regardless of their weight or the type of goods. The total container throughput of ports highlights their capacity to handle large volumes of cargo efficiently.

And there are three main types of international standard container sizes you should know about: the 20-foot container, the 40-foot container, and the 40-foot high-cube container. Additionally, there are other sizes like the 45-foot container that are also used in international shipping.

Container Type	External Dimensions (m)	Internal Dimensions (m)	Cargo Volume (m³)	Tare Weight (ton)	Usable Volume (m³)
20′ Standard (20’GP)	Length: 6.058, Width: 2.438, Height: 2.591	Length: 5.898, Width: 2.352, Height: 2.393	33.2	17.5	28
40′ Standard (40’GP)	Length: 12.192, Width: 2.438, Height: 2.591	Length: 12.032, Width: 2.352, Height: 2.393	67.7	22	58
40′ High Cube (40’HC)	Length: 12.192, Width: 2.438, Height: 2.896	Length: 12.040, Width: 2.352, Height: 2.696	76.3	22	68
45′ Standard (45’GP)	Length: 13.716, Width: 2.438, Height: 2.591	Length: 13.556, Width: 2.352, Height: 2.393	85.0	24	76

However, you may also hear about Total Cargo Throughput, which refers to the total volume of cargo handled by a port over a specific period. This metric includes all types of cargo, such as containers, bulk goods, and liquid cargo, focusing on weight.

While TEUs focus on containerized cargo, it’s important to note that TEUs are a unit of quantity rather than weight. Although it is sometimes estimated that each TEU corresponds to approximately 20 tons, this is counted as Total Cargo Throughput.

Legal Compliance

Shipping from China to the USA requires adherence to the legal and regulatory requirements of both countries. To avoid delays, penalties, additional costs, or even the seizure or destruction of your goods, it is helpful to understand these regulations.

Inspection & Compliance Requirements:

• US Rules: You need to follow US standards and regulations, which may include safety guidelines, labeling, and certification requirements set by agencies like the FDA or CPSC.
• Special Licenses: Certain goods may require special import or export licenses.
• Dangerous Goods: Items like lithium batteries need to follow strict rules for packing and labeling to ensure they are safe. For example labeling with the correct UN number and hazard label.
• Prohibited Goods: Prohibited goods are items that cannot be imported in or exported out because of safety, health, or environmental rules.

Documentation Requirements

• Commercial Invoice: Provides details about the goods, including description, value, and terms of sale.
• Packing List: Details all imported goods.
• Bill of Lading: A contract between the shipper and the carrier, listing all items included in the shipment and details such as country of origin and purchase price.
• Certificate of Origin: Certifies the origin of the goods.
• Arrival Notice: Provided by the freight agent.

Customs Clearance:

• Customs Duties and Tariffs: Typically, a 25% tariff applies to almost all items imported.
• Harmonized System (HS) Codes: Used for classifying goods and determining customs duties.
• Import Broker: Consider hiring a customs broker or freight forwarder to handle the clearance process and pay import duties on your behalf.
• Customs Bond: Required for all imports, with a continuous bond recommended for frequent imports.

Cost & Risk Management:

• Customs Duties and Taxes: Based on the value and type of goods.
• Insurance: Make sure to get enough insurance to cover any losses or damages that might happen during shipping.
• Freight Forwarders: Work with trustworthy freight forwarders who have experience with shipments going to the US to handle documentation and compliance smoothly.

Practical Steps for Compliance:

• Partner with Experienced Freight Forwarders: To guide on shipping methods, legal documentation, and compliance advice.
• Stay Informed on Trade Policies: Be aware of changing trade policies, tariffs, and agreements.
• Ask Logistics Experts: To understand and follow important laws and regulations.
• Choose Suitable Incoterms: Like FOB, CIF, or DAP to define the responsibilities and liabilities of buyers and sellers.

It’s important to remind you that it’s better to prepare the accurate documents and submit the customs clearance before arrival. This can significantly speed up customs processes and help you avoid delays and penalties. By doing so, you can streamline your freight forwarding activities and prevent potential headaches in the future.

Choose the Right Freight Forwarder

For most businesses like you, partnering with a trustworthy freight forwarder is essential. A forwarder acts as an intermediary, who not only provide carrier space, but also offer the expertise to guide you on the best shipping routes, methods, and customs clearance tailored to your specific needs. This makes international shipping easier, allowing you to focus on your core business activities. There are several factors to consider when choosing the right freight forwarder for your business.

Evaluate Your Company’s Needs

The first thing is to understand your goods’ nature, types, shipping volume, and any special handling requirements. You also need to know the locations of both your company and your supplier, whether it’s peak season or off-season, how long you can wait, and your budget, and so on. These factors will help you determine the best freight forwarder for your needs.

Research Freight Forwarders

Experience and Expertise

• Freight Forwarding Experience: Prioritize to find the extensive experience in handling shipment from China to the USA with proven track records in your industry. They should be familiar with various shipping companies from China to USA, knowing how to help you prepare the right paperwork, submit customs clearance, and follow all rules.
• Industry Specialization: An industry specialized forwarder can handle your specific goods, whether they need special care or have to meet rules and regulations.

Reliability and Network

• Reputation and Partnerships: Look into your freight forwarder’s reputation and how strong their connections are with global carriers and logistics companies. Having a good reputation and strong connections can give you steady space, flexibility, and cost savings.
• Customer Reviews: Look for feedback from other businesses similar to yours. Good reviews can show trustworthiness and quality service, while bad ones might point out possible problems you could face.

Cost Efficiency

• Competitive Rates: Find a freight forwarder that they can offer fair and transparent rates with no hidden fees, and without compromising service quality. Usually they provide detailed quotes that break down all costs involved in excel sheet.

Customer Support and Communication

• Availability and Responsiveness: Ensure that your freight forwarder is easy to reach and quick to respond. This means they should offer multiple communication channels, such as cell phone number, WhatsApp, WeChat, email, and online chat.
• Good Oral English: A freight forwarder who speaks fluent English can help you avoid misunderstandings and ensure clear communication during shipping.

Credentials and Certifications

• Licensing and Certifications: A forwarder with a license or certification from the Federal Maritime Commission (FMC) in the U.S. and the China International Freight Forwarders Association (CIFA) in China assures you that they adhere to international shipping standards. This compliance ensures that your shipments are handled according to the highest industry standards, reducing the risk of delays or legal issues.

Flexibility and Adaptability

• Expert Handling Services: Make sure your freight forwarder knows how to handle any special needs your goods might have, like dangerous materials or regulatory compliance.
• Adaptability to Changes: In the dynamic world of international shipping, your freight forwarder should be able to adapt quickly to changes.
• Problem-Solving Skills: Your freight forwarder should have strong problem-solving skills to handle unexpected issues that may arise during transit.